{"id":"W4416136940","doi":"10.1109/pesgm52009.2025.11225102","title":"Flexible Operation of Nuclear-based Small Modular Reactor and Renewables for Electricity and Hydrogen","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission","keywords":"Renewable energy; Modular design; Electricity; Energy carrier; Power to gas; Electricity generation; Hydrogen economy; Nuclear power; Energy (signal processing); Energy storage","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001487864,0.000344193,0.0003315987,0.0001444902,0.0002147263,0.0003652923,0.0006031394,0.0003350785,0.002691182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002476009,0.0001954507,0.0004144113,0.000161482,0.0002627053,0.0006008544,0.0002944666,0.0002782314,0.0003547535],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003534748,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002928896,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002859752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005323868,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999032,0.00002855534,0.000003096292,0.00002155088,0.00003348447,0.00001013125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999326,0.00002751916,0.00001245884,0.00001077041,0.0000117137,0.000004832404],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003383511,0.0001045266,0.001599362,0.0001414037,0.00005948056,0.0003837502,0.00008612881,0.9171059,0.04322148,0.008443672,0.0008304551,0.02768552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002166461,0.0001188197,0.0004776838,0.000004478067,0.00001188935,0.00004572894,0.00001191169,0.9920112,0.005093515,0.0008921018,0.001304404,0.000006465252],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5648197,0.0003683267,0.4005242,0.0002342473,0.00008575302,0.0001243375,0.0003966237,0.00183628,0.03161055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904273,0.00007537639,0.006095955,0.000008604064,0.000004032132,0.00002852335,0.00005082456,0.00001904406,0.003290389],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002859752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009002864,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01383859707854989,"score_gpt":0.2314569980728925,"score_spread":0.2176184009943426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}