{"id":"W4416137363","doi":"10.3389/fphar.2025.1659395","title":"A comparative analysis of biologics market dynamics in 12 countries: (Bio)similar and sustainability","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","topic":"Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety","keywords":"Biosimilar; Sustainability; Health care; Healthcare system; Sustainable development; Dynamics (music)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001673681,0.0001695667,0.0002566878,0.003660382,0.0001828653,0.00102574,0.0002303026,0.0002726486,0.001763979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004833353,0.0001177994,0.0006051735,0.004823124,0.0003378849,0.001297225,0.0006303104,0.0002812438,0.0001436633],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007368094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004678167,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00312247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003478907,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991109,0.0002253397,0.0001088034,0.0001870587,0.0002013009,0.0001665439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943574,0.001137788,0.003462639,0.0001390061,0.0006621021,0.0002409887],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000251168,0.00003578824,0.9843454,0.0001083435,0.0002503336,0.0002769366,0.0002099962,0.0008787499,0.0003728235,0.0007812,0.0003839172,0.01210531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007127015,0.0001170822,0.9961069,0.00003377715,0.00005353603,0.0002484949,0.0008882234,0.0007500537,0.0001510529,0.00008173373,0.001555469,0.000006586146],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958521,0.001045355,0.0001980141,0.00009427574,0.000006184768,0.00001201531,0.00112012,0.000004682518,0.001667357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986753,0.0002626911,0.0001489154,0.00001591854,0.000007261986,0.000005001806,0.0007829098,0.000001941129,0.00009997376],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003660382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008851409,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0116924310199034,"score_gpt":0.3299239551258698,"score_spread":0.3182315241059664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}