{"id":"W4416137363","doi":"10.3389/fphar.2025.1659395","title":"A comparative analysis of biologics market dynamics in 12 countries: (Bio)similar and sustainability","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","topic":"Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety","keywords":"Biosimilar; Sustainability; Health care; Healthcare system; Sustainable development; Dynamics (music)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001060426,0.000191792,0.001071247,0.0009735712,0.00005021812,0.000004908076,0.0002290377,0.0004527472,0.000348918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001488498,0.0001667002,0.0001083352,0.001269041,0.001202555,0.00004030957,0.0001542097,0.000409249,3.556571e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004340565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001446824,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001305338,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000637038,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976441,0.0009793923,0.0005420578,0.000413459,0.00002327041,0.0003977372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990018,0.0005711484,0.0001275026,0.0001644742,0.0001132592,0.00002180967],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001538651,0.0003415298,0.9580466,0.000105167,0.002397277,0.00001220682,0.0002968038,0.00006801125,0.0007596933,0.002202469,0.03239916,0.00183247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008719201,0.0006551762,0.7574164,0.00006029189,0.005022362,0.000005503594,0.01281415,0.07117115,0.01342151,0.01727093,0.1125727,0.0008705597],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9329252,0.02149325,0.0190815,0.007843032,0.004054538,0.001711406,0.0006477482,0.00006112807,0.01218221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951057,0.001073953,0.001823557,0.0009531679,0.000005171719,0.00003357365,0.00004255231,0.000003443814,0.0009588219],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2006301,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6797838,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0116924310199034,"score_gpt":0.3299239551258698,"score_spread":0.3182315241059664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}