{"id":"W4416217346","doi":"10.1016/j.landig.2025.100933","title":"Application of artificial intelligence and digital tools in cancer pathology","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Lancet Digital Health","topic":"AI in cancer detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Digital pathology; Workflow; Applications of artificial intelligence; Precision medicine; Deep learning; Radiomics; Cancer","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002385083,0.00006807697,0.0001871687,0.00006707024,0.00004632863,0.0001331111,0.0003752938,0.00003101209,4.749182e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004479706,0.00005381513,0.00001570015,0.0004609417,0.00009563132,0.0005054385,0.0001556249,0.0001153563,0.000003510672],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008217027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001407001,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001123663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001413339,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991973,0.00002564943,0.0002620501,0.0002218946,0.00009158978,0.0002014975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993418,0.0001633647,0.0001049113,0.0003359071,0.00002920358,0.00002481445],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001609938,0.00002088503,0.003507551,0.00003848186,0.000002003607,3.906808e-7,0.0002673118,0.0001271822,0.00001328876,0.05574118,0.0000610571,0.9402046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003912444,0.0004678667,0.1104402,0.0003036148,0.000004211951,0.000031439,0.0004076723,0.1142981,0.002665142,0.7618886,0.008727844,0.0003740864],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07552329,0.0007468374,0.9089544,0.01213701,0.0002521022,0.0003789476,0.00004334275,0.00007180239,0.001892226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998633,0.0001432365,0.0004401159,0.0006517115,0.00005857159,0.0000453276,0.000002270688,0.000002928633,0.00002283722],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9398305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2194517,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06412705673087551,"score_gpt":0.3574766102014248,"score_spread":0.2933495534705494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}