{"id":"W4416265950","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111836","title":"Microplastics in food chains: Global evidence, bioaccumulation, spatial distribution and health risks","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Control","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Microplastics; Biomagnification; Food chain; Trophic level; Bioaccumulation; Human health; Food systems; Plastic pollution; Food safety","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002913905,0.0001328197,0.0001793624,0.00003156706,0.0001321404,0.00004095342,0.00009123854,0.00008151077,0.00003581449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002180778,0.0001294806,0.00002741502,0.0002805261,0.00008842767,0.00008643911,0.00006761245,0.00010104,0.00002500298],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004047039,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006466958,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001734065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007005174,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989139,0.00007503839,0.0002941141,0.0002791303,0.0001443828,0.0002934177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995568,0.0001256204,0.00009759649,0.0001241561,0.00001092004,0.00008492573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003663507,0.0002347659,0.9153461,0.00007548195,0.000074695,0.000003523093,0.0001243237,0.009914014,0.00140583,0.01413858,0.004495933,0.05382033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001521189,0.0004990512,0.9335587,0.0001051658,0.0000172648,0.000003054835,0.00001160863,0.06099808,0.000064532,0.001043435,0.00204482,0.0001331242],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5184611,0.0007792347,0.477313,0.00162115,0.0003941931,0.0004743512,0.0007539784,0.00003982193,0.0001631797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993831,0.00005918037,0.0001380777,0.0003236055,0.00003704303,0.00001271943,0.00003179957,0.000003497845,0.0000109798],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.480922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5280065,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.027831608790715,"score_gpt":0.2832175880721593,"score_spread":0.2553859792814443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}