{"id":"W4416292039","doi":"10.1080/24745332.2025.2576718","title":"Temporal trends and regional variations in the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Critical Care and Sleep Medicine","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Coastal Health; St. Paul's Hospital; University of British Columbia","funders":"Reseau canadien de recherche respiratoire; Canadian Lung Association; AstraZeneca Canada; AstraZeneca","keywords":"Pulmonary disease; COPD; Disease; MEDLINE; Epidemiology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001820806,0.0001803674,0.0002938949,0.001541961,0.0004354865,0.000869451,0.0005465088,0.0002566,0.0007633759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004019415,0.0001822147,0.0003748476,0.004717883,0.0005401048,0.0005790261,0.000620083,0.000358272,0.0001011067],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001696692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001877945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3521182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3437098,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985262,0.0003907315,0.0001634818,0.0004303153,0.0002680269,0.0002211924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964553,0.0007056127,0.001599621,0.0002464736,0.0008167799,0.0001762297],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003109064,0.000005963439,0.996973,0.00003236354,0.00007904505,0.00002729888,0.0002306096,0.0002719231,0.0001113352,0.00007563196,0.0001633915,0.001998324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001448883,0.00001066141,0.9988325,0.00001416732,0.00002314586,0.00004457318,0.0003707071,0.0003420244,0.00003365459,0.00003792083,0.0002856493,0.000003576052],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902146,0.002178966,0.0006632265,0.0004157676,0.00001013138,0.00002712398,0.005198969,0.00001973205,0.001271386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966615,0.0007539359,0.0004880187,0.00005957367,0.00001808627,0.00002449337,0.001841356,0.000005460386,0.0001475288],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3521182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7001373,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02446158607034977,"score_gpt":0.3196759714684168,"score_spread":0.295214385398067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}