{"id":"W4416320769","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5629030","title":"Smart Cities and Infrastructure","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Smart Cities and Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"","keywords":"Smart city; Urbanization; Big data; Internet of Things; Quality (philosophy); Urban planning; Sustainable development","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002493191,0.0002739925,0.000293518,0.0002381153,0.0001071818,0.0001196888,0.0003329365,0.0003932433,0.00001792605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002739921,0.0002551408,0.00009647304,0.0000759773,0.00007262942,0.00005756399,0.0003130127,0.00535537,0.00000180809],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006157631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007110737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002618454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002373517,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980968,0.00001377059,0.0002275756,0.0001680394,0.0001245783,0.001369237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996238,0.00002891769,0.00005232487,0.0002238131,0.0000368586,0.00003429002],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003658501,0.00001618804,0.01497309,0.001047018,0.002977074,0.00002461876,0.0008948534,0.02487662,0.00008460557,0.612251,0.01599614,0.3268222],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000220811,0.00004669942,0.001333665,0.0001590794,0.00006813585,0.000259116,0.002354086,0.001271938,0.000111404,0.9751887,0.01863202,0.0003543918],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8688551,0.09246913,0.01579797,0.0009552306,0.003903694,0.0003052911,0.00006980586,0.001466106,0.0161777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.911449,0.0860472,0.0003453189,0.00003854693,0.0003184058,0.00001422765,0.000009449343,0.00003186049,0.001746013],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3629377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999901,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004060602605698483,"score_gpt":0.1947311504088314,"score_spread":0.1906705478031329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}