{"id":"W4416349217","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08560-y","title":"Computational optimization of InGaN solar cells: achieving 31.05% efficiency with p-p-n structure design","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","topic":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Energy conversion efficiency; Quantum efficiency; Efficient energy use; Electrical efficiency; Band gap; Wide-bandgap semiconductor; Quantum; Range (aeronautics); Infrared","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001044855,0.000133036,0.0002037288,0.00005168066,0.0001088112,0.00006044105,0.00008236837,0.00004446081,0.00004311686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004463015,0.0001035067,0.00002802487,0.0001646259,0.00006470861,0.00007043151,0.00002517099,0.0001273364,5.115844e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001487328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001861531,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001537617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.809631e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992379,0.00003436526,0.0002025321,0.0001956583,0.000100597,0.0002289518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996075,0.0001031565,0.00008079915,0.00009015054,0.00007559045,0.0000428225],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001393315,0.0001794032,0.0008892168,0.0001251372,0.0001301753,9.667507e-7,0.0001512817,0.6189366,0.1006342,0.2765826,0.00009923495,0.002131746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001737091,0.0009292208,0.0003095028,0.0001909999,0.0002451031,0.0000036509,0.0002716435,0.7801931,0.1961494,0.01868683,0.0007826524,0.0005008103],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6260294,0.0001226534,0.3734057,0.00006336146,0.00004940964,0.0001305891,0.00001430222,0.0000112958,0.0001733645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867643,0.0000110002,0.01307728,0.00004098986,0.00002781462,0.000003663159,0.0000431709,0.000009357822,0.00002248939],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3607349,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4220881,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006490640027522084,"score_gpt":0.2210172562382687,"score_spread":0.2145266162107466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}