{"id":"W4416366232","doi":"10.22329/jtl.v19i5.8975","title":"Quantitative Action Research on Enhancing French Vocabulary Acquisition: The Efficacy of Flashcard-Based Learning Among Undergraduates","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Teaching and Learning","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Vocabulary; Action research; Relevance (law); Sample (material); Action (physics); Intervention (counseling); Vocabulary development","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01586672,0.0006774098,0.000559855,0.001066744,0.001412576,0.001138525,0.000978917,0.0007653445,0.004295564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01785325,0.0002875844,0.0005104109,0.0005857761,0.001694803,0.0007285525,0.001088045,0.0007206869,0.000273633],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001920966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00380041,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001595475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003134635,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9912072,0.006351331,0.0004879757,0.0006551194,0.0007907367,0.000507593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9799981,0.0158108,0.001254751,0.0006682753,0.001602553,0.0006655557],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003319555,0.0576866,0.05192356,0.009462443,0.0003488108,0.000631769,0.2611266,0.002233376,0.04982406,0.006445887,0.002359404,0.5546379],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004945873,0.1735186,0.3288918,0.004193831,0.001271181,0.0008168875,0.3201851,0.00494294,0.09772799,0.008542961,0.05457309,0.0003897308],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885846,0.0001237416,0.003396082,0.0001841465,0.00002704674,0.003910752,0.0001170178,0.00003062398,0.003625906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9647521,0.0003411875,0.02384759,0.0002314386,0.00002025148,0.008107254,0.0001152247,0.00001024619,0.002574805],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01586672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08391225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.057792597398614,"score_gpt":0.4246108605236359,"score_spread":0.366818263125022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}