{"id":"W4416377618","doi":"10.1017/9781108641784.013","title":"A Framework for Hard Cases","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","topic":"Software Engineering and Design Patterns","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Secrecy; National security; Public policy; Security policy; Key (lock)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01812876,0.002042416,0.001426516,0.005684106,0.006673807,0.01730921,0.006240446,0.008471426,0.03560479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03943188,0.001550593,0.002744617,0.004166106,0.03174819,0.02564997,0.009607052,0.01025501,0.005030945],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01018081,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005176591,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007191183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005242421,"domain_scores_codex":[0.98246,0.01025198,0.001099303,0.002096323,0.002906739,0.001185623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9709955,0.02084376,0.00124486,0.003695566,0.002267811,0.000952483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[9.828382e-7,0.000003993129,0.00003298236,0.000008035555,0.000001347145,0.00001528278,0.00009680881,0.0003308704,0.000006877403,0.9973767,0.000761249,0.001364706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003211456,0.000002363711,0.00001954811,0.00003350393,0.000001489489,0.00002485512,0.0001287532,0.001949768,0.00001711527,0.9863822,0.01143361,0.000003576241],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.003988402,0.002412298,0.6993099,0.02158345,0.0003509006,0.0004257709,0.0003026932,0.0004073516,0.2712192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3683837,0.002605669,0.5496957,0.00428174,0.0009966253,0.002863541,0.0007390267,0.0006703436,0.06976371],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03560479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1191099,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05458224231223465,"score_gpt":0.2632185404735737,"score_spread":0.208636298161339,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}