{"id":"W4416392604","doi":"10.3390/jrfm18110647","title":"Labour Productivity in European Non-Financial Corporations: The Roles of Country, Sector, and Size","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of risk and financial management","topic":"Firm Innovation and Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; Canadian Intensive Care Foundation","keywords":"Productivity; Proxy (statistics); Profitability index; European union; Leverage (statistics); Panel data; Human capital; Gross value added","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001752492,0.0002658262,0.0003459096,0.002623393,0.0002243323,0.001427065,0.0003547005,0.0002887886,0.002206891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006151694,0.0001032109,0.0004032135,0.004108821,0.0004437829,0.0009147305,0.001219193,0.0002883391,0.0005560028],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004739745,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002945415,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006534069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005794145,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989426,0.0002653023,0.0000985236,0.0002606395,0.0001997023,0.000233369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.993719,0.00225637,0.002686911,0.0003699246,0.0005084214,0.0004593921],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008874258,0.00004058924,0.9820814,0.0000420758,0.00007532247,0.0001301686,0.0005116765,0.00123019,0.0001212082,0.0004872355,0.0005272713,0.01466406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002181696,0.00002620252,0.9972298,0.00002690875,0.0000129746,0.00003551634,0.0006209636,0.0004735767,0.00008425816,0.0002082333,0.001275567,0.000003957808],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.993982,0.0009184206,0.0006936263,0.0001191887,0.00001146479,0.000009395473,0.001385918,0.00001011031,0.002869876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969645,0.0002964719,0.0001706917,0.00001727594,0.00001191345,0.000008177871,0.001970588,0.000003722895,0.0005567081],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006534069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01299208,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007964627361642978,"score_gpt":0.1905514552417555,"score_spread":0.1825868278801125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}