{"id":"W4416392864","doi":"10.3390/jrfm18110644","title":"Cryptocurrencies and Central Bank Digital Currencies in Global Perspective","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of risk and financial management","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cryptocurrency; Digital currency; Panel data; Competition (biology); Central bank; Sovereignty; Commodity; Empirical research; Financial sector development","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001209935,0.000249995,0.0002723288,0.001347917,0.0001803381,0.001915191,0.000161718,0.0002443698,0.003282294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004158172,0.0001246638,0.0003838866,0.003079148,0.0006123383,0.001473564,0.001031175,0.0006539452,0.0002926624],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003893692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003413419,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003486871,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003699587,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996165,0.0001128018,0.00003406425,0.00008412429,0.00006442871,0.00008800349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9918472,0.001690915,0.005371748,0.000354258,0.0004542607,0.0002816432],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000140738,0.0000329787,0.9662209,0.00009758757,0.0001954198,0.0003471359,0.0004795357,0.006341675,0.0005045207,0.006198633,0.0006889327,0.01875192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001745512,0.0001575005,0.9775917,0.0001183619,0.0001965262,0.0003837601,0.001333071,0.006740183,0.001195536,0.003723399,0.008507236,0.00003523447],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940091,0.0009617966,0.0008863312,0.0002074267,0.000009258694,0.000006274976,0.0006556938,0.00001347305,0.0032507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986178,0.0003789725,0.000162207,0.00001508746,0.000007731911,0.000002700245,0.0004272572,0.000003417772,0.0003847429],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003486871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01098031,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004234381027803571,"score_gpt":0.227165476369485,"score_spread":0.2229310953416814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}