{"id":"W4416404814","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2023.232","title":"Zoë Laidlaw. Protecting the Empire's Humanity: Thomas Hodgkin and British Colonial Activism 1830–1870 Critical Perspectives on Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Pp. 330. $120.00 (cloth).","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of British Studies","topic":"Colonial History and Postcolonial Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Colonialism","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002156101,0.0002728772,0.0007975263,0.00009981402,0.006791645,0.0003940649,0.0004905148,0.0001832971,0.00001468024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003846711,0.0003121885,0.0002862503,0.000448912,0.00279618,0.0005683202,0.0004041257,0.001219218,0.000002629024],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008475141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004984759,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0278868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04465592,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962551,0.001440446,0.0005068838,0.000482135,0.0006979735,0.0006174546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961307,0.002148225,0.0003842466,0.0001693356,0.001011724,0.0001557804],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001576842,0.001147535,0.007114909,0.000342937,0.00234968,0.00323839,0.09706563,0.00001112785,0.0001036835,0.03057814,0.8268953,0.02957581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00149792,0.0008669718,0.1023561,0.001193937,0.0004147883,0.0002121447,0.1323408,0.0000033298,0.00002779468,0.0001746462,0.7604191,0.0004924671],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8614712,0.08132965,0.00002674472,0.01457974,0.002319192,0.0009360599,0.0001460229,0.00008320231,0.03910821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9570124,0.0307531,0.00006999292,0.0003057425,0.001421289,0.00001508861,4.947617e-7,0.00002016138,0.01040175],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09554121,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999933,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.027444470261215,"score_gpt":0.318300116596757,"score_spread":0.290855646335542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}