{"id":"W4416427003","doi":"10.1016/j.jflm.2025.103040","title":"Medical liability related legislation and insurance policies around the world: A narrative literature review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine","topic":"Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Liability insurance; Legislation; Liability; Narrative; Insurance policy; Insurance law; Casualty insurance; Narrative review","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005017785,0.0001472256,0.0006247674,0.0001391864,0.0003903049,0.00001267393,0.0001333886,0.0001664797,0.0003110422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01423701,0.00006883468,0.00005279618,0.0006553004,0.0008353472,0.0003067229,0.00005735511,0.00197485,0.000001662111],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000448108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000344929,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001273043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002038779,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969755,0.000991878,0.001102849,0.0001524819,0.000562692,0.0002146321],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995225,0.00327136,0.0005807323,0.0001972936,0.0005110119,0.0002146584],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001061293,0.0002275816,0.1318747,0.01228708,0.0005337756,0.0002849084,0.07905389,8.392082e-7,0.00006580774,0.1253346,0.5167987,0.1324768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002106805,0.0004464549,0.1022428,0.06484172,0.0002541944,0.000201615,0.0123707,0.00004686883,0.000002888971,0.01077183,0.8066018,0.000112396],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2630484,0.1210047,0.00004616326,0.6051349,0.001023742,0.0004509451,0.000001837341,0.00001113591,0.00927822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9019431,0.05595964,0.0001236855,0.03355744,0.001276914,0.00001267657,0.00000425435,0.000007424497,0.007114811],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6388948,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9940665,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02326880420992991,"score_gpt":0.4215146926650965,"score_spread":0.3982458884551666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}