{"id":"W4416509741","doi":"10.2196/80084","title":"AI-Generated “Slop” in Online Biomedical Science Educational Videos: Mixed Methods Study of Prevalence, Characteristics, and Hazards to Learners and Teachers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JMIR Medical Education","topic":"Social Media in Health Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Audience measurement; Online learning; Electronic learning; Educational technology; Multimethodology; Generative grammar","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004643199,0.0001211788,0.000265004,0.0007573101,0.0003184874,0.00005545527,0.0003300531,0.0001914851,0.000131621],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03705947,0.0001240569,0.00001465146,0.00247176,0.001306085,0.0002045031,0.00009194601,0.0003450089,0.000001852878],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004604675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01623211,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00442383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001392812,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967942,0.0008867331,0.0005786315,0.0004657396,0.0009431915,0.0003314768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974033,0.001230989,0.0001518105,0.0001817688,0.0003839382,0.0006482272],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002063179,0.002691025,0.2233136,0.0001237378,0.000009696347,2.266603e-7,0.1698989,1.761197e-7,0.0003060797,0.00294098,0.002075152,0.5986198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003055665,0.0001092002,0.9094138,0.0002340119,0.0000170951,4.538944e-7,0.07897688,0.00005874651,0.00001917469,0.0004148732,0.01034283,0.0001073305],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9367605,0.0002104646,0.00003983314,0.0563756,0.004781125,0.001701941,0.000003623598,0.00002072148,0.0001061639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932445,0.0001989563,0.00318948,0.001456675,0.0006078118,0.001091343,0.00002205301,0.000007983475,0.0001811558],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6861002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.989345,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03924959073929314,"score_gpt":0.5092447892457048,"score_spread":0.4699951985064117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}