{"id":"W4416513746","doi":"10.1109/isncc66965.2025.11250476","title":"Deciphering Model Decisions in Android Malware Detection with Explainable AI","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Malware; Trojan; Mobile malware; Android (operating system); Cryptovirology; Android malware","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004902224,0.0005078636,0.00050336,0.001139056,0.0005375312,0.0004382092,0.001049749,0.0003035161,0.00003808891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002503119,0.0004931123,0.0001126253,0.003832105,0.0001204004,0.002500414,0.0008355125,0.0007779702,0.00001909597],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007433588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004677698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000215233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002573712,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963661,0.0001039928,0.0007963555,0.001372508,0.0004895439,0.0008714973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975863,0.0002503562,0.0001687792,0.001382494,0.0004347601,0.0001773015],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002607083,0.0002206126,0.0003691021,0.00005076072,0.00002848036,0.00008983554,0.0004084363,0.2947703,0.004893932,0.007974739,0.000184577,0.6907485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000805006,0.0002971081,0.0002794969,0.0005058136,0.00001346181,0.00004664221,0.0001979951,0.8220026,0.1446051,0.0295163,0.001241673,0.0004888381],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0127045,0.0002723108,0.9779379,0.0004355859,0.0003445369,0.0008671118,0.000002583434,0.0008982671,0.006537159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7457853,0.0002453934,0.24895,0.0006142628,0.00001645928,0.0002381406,5.182961e-7,0.00002881003,0.004121158],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7330808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999752,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01210850341504657,"score_gpt":0.2736616377992796,"score_spread":0.261553134384233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}