{"id":"W4416555907","doi":"10.1080/15567249.2025.2591350","title":"Quantifying the contribution of the oil refining industry to world gross production","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Sources Part B Economics Planning and Policy","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Direcció General de Recerca, Generalitat de Catalunya; Universitat Rovira i Virgili","keywords":"Production (economics); Refining (metallurgy); Petroleum industry; Oil refinery; Oil production; Productivity","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009505402,0.000625181,0.0002809804,0.001730061,0.0001380794,0.00118546,0.0003585101,0.0004133443,0.001947899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004117296,0.000223387,0.0007041231,0.00322115,0.0003955897,0.001269231,0.0009080003,0.000398398,0.000416733],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001366539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008451266,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01287352,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01324545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993207,0.0002410669,0.00002145998,0.00007708392,0.0002433736,0.0000962468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989058,0.0006034003,0.0001374432,0.0001247515,0.0001941686,0.00003442788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002111934,0.00006757528,0.1426197,0.000262491,0.0005120236,0.0007204796,0.000134586,0.7827711,0.007241481,0.01992506,0.001033011,0.04450138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003522497,0.0003142584,0.3022114,0.0001424704,0.0005454117,0.0006963147,0.001278537,0.6027918,0.02633759,0.03101032,0.0344978,0.0001387505],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9344815,0.001045844,0.02538832,0.0004073525,0.0000455465,0.0000670501,0.003486152,0.0001417019,0.03493651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935064,0.0006680899,0.002751977,0.00001994135,0.000008544592,0.00001560189,0.0009892872,0.00003208749,0.00200808],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01287352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02559721,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0317547141936854,"score_gpt":0.3143440185974,"score_spread":0.2825893044037146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}