{"id":"W4416584919","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115250","title":"Measuring greenhouse gas emissions from composting: A comparative review of methods","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waste Management","topic":"Municipal Solid Waste Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Fugitive emissions; Landfill gas; Methane; Temporal resolution; Data collection; Global warming","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008995956,0.0002508311,0.0004933786,0.0001045878,0.000139409,0.00002356027,0.0007710349,0.00003356667,0.001477889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003916177,0.0002309483,0.0001385835,0.0007144836,0.0001342684,0.00009208573,0.002269502,0.0001455832,0.0001441621],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002124656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005171446,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005385351,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005179784,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977411,0.0003651334,0.0006319122,0.0005089749,0.0004207638,0.0003321392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985934,0.0001331991,0.0002405171,0.0009156262,0.00001461023,0.0001026818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002401365,0.002444498,0.005191974,0.01842244,0.002953118,0.00009922165,0.00348934,0.1397886,0.004761553,0.02137334,0.3158072,0.4854285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024314,0.0001906622,0.006641803,0.0287425,0.001507127,0.000001408371,0.005368541,0.0804408,0.008186608,0.003702051,0.8615206,0.001266447],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02224069,0.006962547,0.04639697,0.001869504,0.0004102678,0.002497655,0.00001762631,0.0001365354,0.9194682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6842085,0.01460665,0.2722514,0.005910698,0.0000854873,0.0004581992,0.00007919411,0.00008532293,0.02231459],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8971536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994349,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08665762318516629,"score_gpt":0.3551960713572624,"score_spread":0.2685384481720961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}