{"id":"W4416634630","doi":"10.1183/13993003.congress-2025.pa1416","title":"Regional variations and trends in the use of maintenance inhaled medications in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Coastal Health; Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"COPD; Pulmonary disease; Asthma; Pharmacotherapy; Asthma medication; Inhaler; Lama; Cohort; Maintenance therapy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009601274,0.0001361961,0.0002495787,0.001450535,0.0004099303,0.0007346888,0.0007081206,0.000308478,0.001042016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003696156,0.0002214217,0.0004909292,0.004217042,0.0003564903,0.000307434,0.0004831389,0.0003538025,0.000154715],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003451512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003703139,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8663009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8632616,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998992,0.0001745682,0.0001318694,0.0002822125,0.0002239404,0.0001955196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968147,0.0004848826,0.001059013,0.000196921,0.00116182,0.0002827494],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002426867,0.000004136625,0.9970912,0.00002689955,0.00006096112,0.00002336309,0.0001140485,0.0002082961,0.00008310835,0.00004604269,0.0004053985,0.001912294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001364933,0.000004688079,0.9990594,0.00001607663,0.00001917294,0.00002850598,0.0001875356,0.0003126847,0.00002505779,0.000009459439,0.0003326436,0.000003418064],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872054,0.002453521,0.0003236088,0.0005129288,0.00001321333,0.00001860481,0.008007053,0.00002328226,0.001442456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966599,0.0006199944,0.0002462998,0.00005361205,0.000008441951,0.00001028307,0.002199263,0.000005720189,0.0001965601],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8663009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2689728,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03494490549390102,"score_gpt":0.3184056198711562,"score_spread":0.2834607143772552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}