{"id":"W4416711364","doi":"10.1080/14664208.2025.2584511","title":"Towards a political economy of immigrant languages and multilingualism","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Current Issues in Language Planning","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of British Columbia","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Multilingualism; Immigration; Politics; Language planning; Language policy; Citizenship; Sociolinguistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003061517,0.0001546625,0.0001677119,0.001294933,0.006493355,0.0122143,0.000595939,0.001647348,0.006127814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003319494,0.0001730268,0.0002031349,0.001340782,0.02723551,0.004108046,0.00484984,0.002284372,0.0002150445],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01446265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0107496,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08140028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09235192,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978927,0.001113726,0.00001982003,0.0001060573,0.0002635933,0.000604095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977208,0.001144614,0.0003367465,0.00008581537,0.0002707899,0.0004412801],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000793506,0.00001253549,0.002019826,0.00001099826,0.000001898177,0.000132166,0.01317808,0.0001644623,0.00006544284,0.9814341,0.0006168264,0.002355614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003271999,0.00002475385,0.0140429,0.0002320523,0.00001513929,0.000208885,0.1350747,0.001807445,0.0003053151,0.7245277,0.1237011,0.0000273011],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3675121,0.002136389,0.003089997,0.06509703,0.00009511271,0.00002486498,0.00003814635,0.00001756426,0.5619888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948649,0.0003841825,0.0001986291,0.0006765869,0.00002344957,0.000007054616,0.000003800733,0.000004769988,0.003836573],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08140028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.161853,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04771109186042525,"score_gpt":0.5255249826171354,"score_spread":0.4778138907567102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}