{"id":"W4416785863","doi":"10.4337/9781035339532.00011","title":"Canada","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks","topic":"","field":"","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","open_science","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003729871,0.004001994,0.003584392,0.002411464,0.001866501,0.01450832,0.007170522,0.003673348,0.005519518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004413626,0.004819885,0.001400155,0.000293517,0.0009642523,0.002931569,0.003895879,0.0101018,0.002386232],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009718117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.06371889,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9295658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9726633,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9810988,0.0004499397,0.003813429,0.004498368,0.00619509,0.003944367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.985007,0.001438196,0.002812266,0.00546093,0.003027966,0.002253585],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001392825,0.00002478021,0.00003035708,0.0004446554,0.001449245,0.0006974717,0.0001889467,0.00001897435,0.00004373185,0.2964854,0.6586881,0.04178907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001535798,0.00009027722,0.00006355063,0.003455057,0.001045631,0.00009173634,0.00009029249,0.000171379,0.0002943348,0.01014816,0.9790679,0.003945893],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003077841,0.001499865,0.00010638,0.003415872,0.01710976,0.002308965,0.006756021,0.001007248,0.9677651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01687725,0.00004358258,0.0008047213,0.007325109,0.004278778,0.0001224622,0.001177663,0.001622948,0.9677475],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3203798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994329,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01617869733312978,"score_gpt":0.2134473092776629,"score_spread":0.1972686119445332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}