{"id":"W4416799883","doi":"10.1109/snpd65828.2025.11254422","title":"AI-Enabled Phishing Links Detection Using Machine Learning Models","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Spam and Phishing Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Algoma University","funders":"","keywords":"Phishing; Random forest; Support vector machine; Gradient boosting; Preprocessor; Feature engineering; The Internet; Classifier (UML); Boosting (machine learning)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001726081,0.0008748119,0.000787708,0.001915928,0.000414907,0.001176442,0.0008602759,0.0009307039,0.0006101447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005712295,0.0002939804,0.0006877076,0.001158232,0.0002350161,0.001608286,0.000524978,0.001355064,0.0007144487],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000697675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007274852,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006307265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005578687,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993536,0.0002421806,0.00004295449,0.0001515796,0.0001417072,0.00006801299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966421,0.001988569,0.0003108428,0.0002937056,0.0006733909,0.00009135623],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002646275,0.0006917546,0.02666098,0.0001122789,0.0001582099,0.0001948309,0.0001320111,0.6750993,0.004666848,0.00194012,0.004123205,0.2859558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001946245,0.00001462905,0.0005003621,0.00000337397,0.000004667482,0.00001228523,0.000004919202,0.9983651,0.0004881463,0.0004746565,0.0001268004,0.000003169664],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4928506,0.001357495,0.4922873,0.001098004,0.0001209824,0.0001778423,0.0007016997,0.007465378,0.003940647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9044093,0.0002384904,0.09302225,0.0001249694,0.00006325835,0.00006220995,0.0007283891,0.00004267492,0.001308477],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006307265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01254112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03500256580682653,"score_gpt":0.260272189884707,"score_spread":0.2252696240778804,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}