{"id":"W4416848558","doi":"10.1186/s43591-025-00157-2","title":"Nanoplastic reference materials for biological and methodological assessment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microplastics and Nanoplastics","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Biological materials; Nanometrology; Laser ablation; Biological specimen; Materials testing; Ecotoxicology; Environmental research; Metrology; Biological cell","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007786238,0.0003734151,0.0004996741,0.0001045664,0.0004393469,0.0001443836,0.000171096,0.0003195131,0.0004252383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001204015,0.0002958803,0.00004098527,0.0002065561,0.0005519039,0.00006407468,0.0004714116,0.0002037475,0.00003531751],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001176724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006155895,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001952617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003034903,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978696,0.000139032,0.0005272251,0.000706917,0.0002044602,0.0005528286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964402,0.002982242,0.0001500971,0.0001831531,0.00005963678,0.0001846661],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003461337,0.0001749502,0.01010133,0.0001282816,0.00007442089,0.00001203863,0.0000435918,0.0001768058,0.9439193,0.03256957,0.005278633,0.007174926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008350595,0.003548728,0.2145005,0.0005629218,0.0009895795,0.0003389037,0.0002340722,0.02168228,0.108872,0.04726991,0.5904918,0.003158717],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6045886,0.0001295799,0.3915932,0.0001605813,0.0007636376,0.0004509245,0.0004353574,0.00004389749,0.001834184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9057615,0.0005021392,0.09276916,0.0002117766,0.00005607133,0.00004772581,0.00005123418,0.00001875548,0.000581601],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8350474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04403656629232038,"score_gpt":0.3075517339447944,"score_spread":0.263515167652474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}