{"id":"W4416874671","doi":"10.1109/icoici65217.2025.11253661","title":"A Robust EFPN and CFF-Backbone for Small Object Detection in Visually Degraded Challenging Environments","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Horizon College and Seminary","funders":"","keywords":"Object detection; Feature (linguistics); Pyramid (geometry); Software deployment; Feature extraction; Detector; Deep learning; Sensor fusion; Pattern recognition (psychology); Object (grammar)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003337741,0.0003715031,0.0003700719,0.0003539588,0.0004298397,0.0001559993,0.0005241005,0.0001859967,0.000006617129],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005620433,0.0004122044,0.00009333961,0.0009927191,0.0001139883,0.0004030918,0.0004898093,0.0003128333,0.00001016811],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002333205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005282627,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002898457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00051574,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972243,0.00009047549,0.0006147898,0.001221217,0.0001656745,0.0006834858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998582,0.0004625522,0.0001683726,0.0006277516,0.00002744763,0.0001318863],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001073198,0.0004529162,0.0004651834,0.0001663932,0.0000691488,0.000006008645,0.000587959,0.04323032,0.02160924,0.02154651,0.00002871182,0.9117303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001783127,0.0002249467,0.007425086,0.0001503207,0.00003546237,0.000009262569,0.0001159363,0.9630553,0.01857433,0.006333329,0.001839488,0.0004534316],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04176416,0.001242356,0.952899,0.001447992,0.0002842801,0.001817406,0.000002446412,0.00009301792,0.0004492712],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9353786,0.001158228,0.06068223,0.0004079567,0.00006413821,0.000541659,0.000002963791,0.00002566685,0.001738602],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.919825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999833,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03826765627606313,"score_gpt":0.2658197169078288,"score_spread":0.2275520606317657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}