{"id":"W4416951601","doi":"10.1111/anae.70089","title":"Ethical and inclusive challenges of machine learning in anaesthesia","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Anaesthesia","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto General Hospital; The Wilson Centre; Toronto Western Hospital; University of Toronto; University Health Network","funders":"","keywords":"Workflow; Scrutiny; Harm; Referral; Process (computing); Health care; Set (abstract data type)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.09671509,0.0007075315,0.001240801,0.001554508,0.009322789,0.01509355,0.002867759,0.02114486,0.004411328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1224426,0.0006383118,0.0009183615,0.00126133,0.07465658,0.01878863,0.01345428,0.03305506,0.001528497],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01556661,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001908789,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001868165,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9172802,0.05664687,0.002849743,0.003440371,0.01697108,0.00281173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8659756,0.110197,0.004414769,0.006783469,0.007545699,0.005083586],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003785691,0.00005033059,0.0004750655,0.0001684248,0.00001791453,0.0002275962,0.004757687,0.0008838574,0.0001034053,0.9345226,0.02589187,0.03286335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001673991,0.00002951371,0.0001801006,0.0005311306,0.000005373698,0.0002589437,0.001533283,0.0007409705,0.00009038563,0.9179422,0.07864622,0.00002514789],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.003423307,0.01958914,0.02442836,0.9126425,0.003387232,0.00003933518,0.0000350519,0.00003875605,0.03641639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5554695,0.03022649,0.04001854,0.3348583,0.02290052,0.0005111783,0.00009669818,0.0002382577,0.01568039],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09671509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5114844,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06658642987403929,"score_gpt":0.3982827589614528,"score_spread":0.3316963290874135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}