{"id":"W4416953958","doi":"10.3390/rs17233919","title":"Benchmarking Elevation Plus Land Surface Parameters Finds FathomDEM and Copernicus DEM Win as Best Global DEMs","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Remote Sensing","topic":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Digital elevation model; Elevation (ballistics); Terrain; Shuttle Radar Topography Mission; Digital surface; Grid; Surface (topology); Current (fluid)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003703811,0.0007834141,0.0006524965,0.003298457,0.0003307283,0.001333068,0.000924471,0.0006645047,0.003509242],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009076396,0.0002638245,0.0006061419,0.004027134,0.0003576731,0.001845986,0.001299228,0.0003826576,0.0007030613],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00112822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000774559,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02093595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03163698,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998881,0.0003462368,0.0001103579,0.0002903154,0.0002296264,0.0001423954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979743,0.000749417,0.0001168168,0.0005343618,0.0004976075,0.0001274768],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001223464,0.0003787673,0.1425196,0.0006419269,0.000958864,0.000643112,0.0005559183,0.5911412,0.003521072,0.008394312,0.04311876,0.206903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004939176,0.0003418465,0.1425342,0.0002775972,0.0002667096,0.0004785002,0.001573874,0.7905042,0.01345095,0.005684485,0.04423827,0.0001555027],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9075143,0.0009221734,0.02603195,0.0008175318,0.0002074212,0.0002015656,0.0322473,0.007069338,0.02498843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8748856,0.0002718277,0.07458313,0.0001467053,0.00002841968,0.0001440504,0.04660363,0.001093933,0.002242786],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02093595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04162818,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01177661982337524,"score_gpt":0.2513673730322035,"score_spread":0.2395907532088282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}