{"id":"W4416962840","doi":"10.1109/pst65910.2025.11268830","title":"FragmentFool: Fragment-based Adversarial Perturbation for Graph Neural Network-based Vulnerability Detection","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Software Engineering Research","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Source code; Robustness (evolution); Graph; Software; Adversarial system; Vulnerability assessment","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000912206,0.0009668326,0.0005611053,0.000775565,0.0003565091,0.0004173532,0.00125351,0.0008909267,0.001533958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005225564,0.000240846,0.0004642265,0.0004019011,0.001051826,0.001469593,0.001474304,0.001503443,0.0003207172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008015492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005653694,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002409807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002850941,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993393,0.00017721,0.00002086299,0.0001453716,0.0002408711,0.00007636331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998073,0.001062309,0.0002106928,0.0003648379,0.0002228672,0.00006628768],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000330789,0.0001168815,0.002405229,0.0001090476,0.0001123443,0.0002713836,0.00009228989,0.8063776,0.02058545,0.009665218,0.005154967,0.1547788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004852109,0.00004853213,0.0001823982,0.000004267442,0.000007323079,0.00005191229,0.000006389082,0.9921029,0.004087104,0.003117378,0.000380451,0.000006528567],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08033951,0.0004673632,0.9087995,0.0004199939,0.0001456918,0.0001697229,0.0002027491,0.00681142,0.00264413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.880897,0.000208928,0.1157093,0.0003145849,0.00003386302,0.0001119359,0.0003405785,0.0002412257,0.002142668],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002409807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005815685,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01704401933275199,"score_gpt":0.2754973951957942,"score_spread":0.2584533758630423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}