{"id":"W4416975952","doi":"10.1016/j.clinthera.2025.10.011","title":"Exposure to Budesonide, Glycopyrronium, and Formoterol With a Next-Generation Propellant Does Not Exceed Exposure With Hydrofluoroalkane-134a Propellant When Administered Via Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler With a Spacer","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Therapeutics","topic":"Energetic Materials and Combustion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"AstraZeneca (Canada)","funders":"AstraZeneca","keywords":"Propellant; Formoterol; Inhaler; Formoterol Fumarate; Metered-dose inhaler","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003055746,0.0002632298,0.0004450238,0.0001491109,0.0002355797,0.0003505176,0.000170737,0.0005007569,0.002853491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001152856,0.0001048449,0.0003341104,0.00009607318,0.0001849645,0.0002262158,0.0001966494,0.0004432142,0.0007244498],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002098125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003463619,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007510944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001320705,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999472,0.0001176558,0.00004291113,0.00007312556,0.0001986203,0.00009574134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991766,0.0002495635,0.0001914138,0.0001319486,0.0001251795,0.0001253583],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.008769817,0.0008562257,0.02244524,0.0001764529,0.00007509889,0.0004747843,0.0001887836,0.0002182542,0.9186721,0.0002057632,0.00104695,0.04687055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002742303,0.02766029,0.3009469,0.00005859021,0.0001014402,0.003860114,0.00038765,0.000897416,0.6438394,0.0001322739,0.021811,0.0000307601],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910613,0.001455608,0.001877298,0.0001761171,0.00009892046,0.00009893443,0.0002898476,0.00008799142,0.004854107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955465,0.0003353035,0.00119733,0.0000941145,0.0000291924,0.00003698068,0.0003752635,0.00001641976,0.002368972],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002853491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009545863,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05015306776957115,"score_gpt":0.2728156736728821,"score_spread":0.2226626059033109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}