{"id":"W4416999083","doi":"10.1080/09540962.2025.2596751","title":"Debate: Synthetic empathy—How AI is redefining emotional labour in public encounters","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Public Money & Management","topic":"Emotional Labor in Professions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institute on Governance","funders":"","keywords":"Emotional labor; Public sector; Qualitative research; Government (linguistics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01872788,0.0006010045,0.0006446433,0.001986917,0.008550457,0.01954401,0.002805171,0.01033026,0.01499964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04511399,0.0003709529,0.0008805105,0.001186211,0.05739739,0.02630621,0.009960268,0.01144015,0.002548108],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006006348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004526102,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00353209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002165756,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9786588,0.01657814,0.0003628945,0.001503903,0.001790885,0.001105265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9757398,0.01669643,0.001241882,0.002510803,0.002166035,0.001644956],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001066833,0.00007160976,0.001021779,0.0002217592,0.00002993452,0.0001725605,0.09639208,0.0002445542,0.0004578047,0.8489982,0.01662848,0.03565453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005789202,0.0000559628,0.001174925,0.0006860509,0.0000233283,0.0003265422,0.06361353,0.0009548074,0.0005244659,0.7448927,0.1876395,0.0000502779],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.03709598,0.01391542,0.03876213,0.480452,0.004916769,0.0001348422,0.0001182907,0.0001663736,0.4244382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9153014,0.004796881,0.01060026,0.04604385,0.00208396,0.0002752457,0.00009423255,0.000360066,0.02044399],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01954401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09904373,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02913497537238538,"score_gpt":0.3105042019754452,"score_spread":0.2813692266030598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}