{"id":"W4417051349","doi":"10.3390/jrfm18120693","title":"External Financing and Stock Returns: Korean Evidence","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of risk and financial management","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Hankuk University of Foreign Studies","keywords":"External financing; Issuer; Stock (firearms); Debt; Equity financing; Equity (law); Portfolio; Internal financing; Capital structure","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007054295,0.0002434605,0.0002065345,0.001286189,0.0001757287,0.0009628687,0.0002601001,0.0002747945,0.002486775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003210468,0.0001063951,0.000338102,0.001582103,0.0004007908,0.0009292454,0.000519618,0.0003740828,0.0002517593],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002576716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002374421,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005665088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005983571,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999796,0.00002996583,0.0000504325,0.00004852082,0.00003986733,0.00003532019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9926283,0.001218532,0.00470298,0.0003340504,0.0006868267,0.0004293303],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006805381,0.00002244585,0.9926082,0.00003370493,0.00005581285,0.0001976601,0.00009812777,0.00008861336,0.0001732791,0.0003226988,0.0001419484,0.006189372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006385631,0.00003201692,0.9978831,0.00002486411,0.00005647725,0.0002497472,0.0002138972,0.0002646343,0.0002231455,0.0001419107,0.0008985295,0.000005329516],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960808,0.001227836,0.0001402771,0.0001427152,0.000006284727,0.000004005463,0.0005556463,0.000003124156,0.001839284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983227,0.0007102317,0.00006523506,0.00003492734,0.00001478864,0.000001379007,0.000596369,0.000001517383,0.0002528917],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005665088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01126426,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01216910685898281,"score_gpt":0.2197640136423397,"score_spread":0.2075949067833569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}