{"id":"W4417067728","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-30104-9.00012-7","title":"Microstructure characterization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Microstructure and mechanical properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Microstructure; Characterization (materials science); Transmission electron microscopy; Texture (cosmology); Dislocation; Neutron diffraction; Diffraction","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001234931,0.0004398231,0.0005255725,0.0001012182,0.000157718,0.0001287738,0.0004159835,0.0005401932,0.002850766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001848521,0.0003516955,0.000173545,0.000009714528,0.0001245153,0.0000556253,0.0002281942,0.0003749375,0.0004986514],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006732153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001564705,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.916368e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005337086,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984301,0.00002401962,0.0004525019,0.0005673445,0.0002317102,0.0002942863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989486,0.00001858491,0.000245408,0.0005737776,0.000124896,0.00008874312],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001717608,9.94948e-7,9.635502e-8,0.00009746583,0.00001123743,0.000005617032,0.00004565976,2.96952e-8,0.5546444,0.006028043,0.0002833087,0.438866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001203457,0.00002654414,0.000003511066,0.0003399982,0.00007216566,0.00001316933,0.000001084409,8.573404e-7,0.1064131,0.009811226,0.8828561,0.0003418843],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004578112,0.0005820678,0.0000322071,0.00007785575,0.001801823,0.0004884104,0.000350641,0.0001462564,0.9960629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008691563,0.00006300637,0.0003166158,0.00144454,0.0004419253,0.00001313222,0.0001899364,0.00005868103,0.996603],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8825728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998935,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009154229166619733,"score_gpt":0.2118617565154814,"score_spread":0.2027075273488617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}