{"id":"W4417132205","doi":"10.1109/saner-c66551.2025.00029","title":"Towards User-Focused Cross-Domain Testing: Disentangling Accessibility, Usability, and Fairness","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Usability; Software; Domain (mathematical analysis); Software development; Government (linguistics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006115205,0.001097695,0.001480123,0.0003555394,0.002491502,0.008258544,0.002734821,0.000724583,0.001376243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01265267,0.001038097,0.0005646505,0.004054119,0.0117562,0.005888011,0.003960498,0.000713898,0.00005878784],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001297798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002225812,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007030698,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008126495,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9895484,0.001007,0.002585149,0.003108414,0.001735237,0.002015803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9919617,0.003620252,0.0005090834,0.00190451,0.001165212,0.0008391993],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001345145,0.001050359,0.8021688,0.001235019,0.000104166,0.000004988449,0.004574882,0.000006475148,0.00002099974,0.1133021,0.0001383033,0.07725939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001481544,0.0001758717,0.4122725,0.0004761199,0.0001416211,0.000001673592,0.02282585,0.0004255559,0.0003812412,0.5569218,0.003730895,0.001165337],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6560144,0.0004771409,0.0004157451,0.002465255,0.001435035,0.001640426,0.0001105324,0.0004304338,0.337011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9835737,0.00004247605,0.00249342,0.0004288679,0.0003037139,0.0001249408,0.00001192112,0.00005937664,0.01296163],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4436198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995816,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04524134703203243,"score_gpt":0.3705402844744877,"score_spread":0.3252989374424553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}