{"id":"W4417143021","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2512.05585","title":"Opportunities for Hybrid Modeling Approaches in Energy Systems optimization","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"preprint","venue":"ArXiv.org","topic":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Key (lock); Robust optimization; Optimization problem; Energy (signal processing); Hybrid system; Robustness (evolution); Computational complexity theory; System optimization","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009663185,0.001284712,0.001562724,0.001437408,0.0002686508,0.0003278025,0.0008265438,0.001215178,0.00002383706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001905476,0.001544547,0.0003938313,0.0005542169,0.00006768682,0.0005738461,0.0003351939,0.000857538,0.000005050711],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001342644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006162463,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002781844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001312392,"domain_scores_codex":[0.994267,0.0003587044,0.002528143,0.001394169,0.0004079123,0.001044069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971691,0.0002069913,0.0005259486,0.001206836,0.0006944551,0.000196688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006641384,0.00008695936,0.000401879,0.002801093,0.000425343,0.00001639824,0.0004310435,0.9894863,0.00001411698,0.005384545,0.0001471218,0.0007387991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008037817,0.00003885754,0.000004622778,0.003424393,0.0002001109,0.00001230541,0.002515022,0.990335,0.0003915648,0.00006902727,0.0009699089,0.001235338],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01327498,0.003827326,0.9649484,0.000123534,0.005617985,0.001495181,0.0002707311,0.0005344647,0.00990735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9729086,0.004441622,0.009495152,0.00004884577,0.0007300616,0.003014095,0.00311067,0.0002930486,0.005957966],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9596335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999905,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1605966657183641,"score_gpt":0.2427623814874405,"score_spread":0.08216571576907639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}