{"id":"W4417225743","doi":"10.1002/puh2.70178","title":"Afghanistan's Silent Epidemic: The Overuse of Antibiotics Is Fueling a Public Health Crisis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Public Health Challenges","topic":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Mindset; Medical prescription; Public health; Antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; Amoxicillin; Health care","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00217203,0.0004583179,0.0005918748,0.0008256964,0.003890821,0.003606441,0.0007685972,0.003245225,0.01289236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005553137,0.0001520598,0.0003497612,0.00162287,0.002040316,0.003765285,0.002687831,0.005954483,0.002092507],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002370439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006435489,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01368529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02058523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988216,0.0004207738,0.00005848173,0.0001049779,0.0003094672,0.0002847771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971028,0.0007390296,0.0004362935,0.0000802963,0.0005327599,0.001108736],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004009609,0.0002970487,0.02567201,0.001491023,0.00007582776,0.002012012,0.005914132,0.0001218051,0.001772771,0.01095905,0.5697009,0.3815823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010469,0.0005312372,0.09914985,0.004507053,0.0001292365,0.003359431,0.02846655,0.0003690996,0.0004703974,0.02764728,0.8351436,0.0001216242],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.03525685,0.07090922,0.0003225546,0.8751642,0.006099692,0.00001704513,0.0006200846,0.0001019207,0.01150849],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4476169,0.1861548,0.00149751,0.3311483,0.02549314,0.00006428004,0.001125765,0.000100334,0.006798901],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01368529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04312927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1106165103501786,"score_gpt":0.3388523341877029,"score_spread":0.2282358238375243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}