{"id":"W4417242494","doi":"10.1039/d5se01118c","title":"Impact of background systems on carbon capture and utilization pathways to produce fuels/chemicals in Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","topic":"Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Climate change; Carbon fibers; Climate change mitigation; Global warming; Carbon capture and storage (timeline); Life-cycle assessment; Sustainability","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008081737,0.0002985493,0.0002197232,0.0007492558,0.003109787,0.002702007,0.0006919341,0.0004010002,0.003237943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001975359,0.0001673914,0.0003190676,0.001394899,0.000854423,0.0006335253,0.0008859691,0.000823174,0.000191567],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1028493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.07511788,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9944792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9968027,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986083,0.0001018508,0.00002499736,0.0001251983,0.0005825282,0.0005572079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986339,0.0001057733,0.00004311954,0.00003365111,0.0009413931,0.0002421648],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002874236,0.001005644,0.4728641,0.0006760399,0.0003101066,0.001483363,0.00311444,0.1426628,0.034339,0.08773931,0.02479329,0.2281377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001600419,0.0006338,0.8073768,0.0001829798,0.0002120777,0.0001617362,0.009960514,0.05576871,0.02484968,0.004571395,0.0959546,0.0001676715],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9502422,0.0004690846,0.0008239097,0.001305722,0.00003078774,0.00009434246,0.002380729,0.00009010432,0.04456306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894947,0.0004651521,0.0009840622,0.0002173269,0.000002888404,0.00001402717,0.0007431287,0.00001795652,0.008060719],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1028493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7462275,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009488731413570279,"score_gpt":0.2182969714556077,"score_spread":0.2088082400420374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}