{"id":"W4417246360","doi":"10.1007/s00382-025-07989-x","title":"Spatial distribution and variation trends of soil freezing front on the Qingzang Plateau revealed by machine learning models","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climate Dynamics","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Permafrost; Front (military); Plateau (mathematics); Period (music); Ground freezing; Storm; Spatial variability; Precipitation","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003506441,0.0001209258,0.0001620044,0.00005799349,0.0002759042,0.00005265856,0.0001003579,0.00007897711,0.0003072316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003554023,0.00008940671,0.00003884565,0.0001338485,0.00004944569,0.00010829,0.00002441571,0.0001793008,0.00000630035],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000178488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009817019,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009765064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0290926,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991829,0.0000794082,0.0002186181,0.000182644,0.00012527,0.0002110906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994788,0.0002146645,0.000121791,0.0001245418,0.00002633485,0.00003391073],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003687623,0.00006674354,0.8575268,0.0002129163,0.0000703416,0.000005072959,0.001635259,0.05169362,0.0006139461,0.004410989,0.0009687751,0.08242675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000221469,0.00005810527,0.1133881,0.00005881372,0.00002516266,0.000001108725,0.0001263168,0.8852858,0.00001702251,0.0006125182,0.0001224237,0.00008314668],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9767888,0.0004066294,0.004639235,0.0008517385,0.0002446383,0.0001037037,0.01097162,0.00003612924,0.005957462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860018,0.0007575476,0.00001555257,0.00008977083,0.00002579358,0.000001377563,0.01289121,0.000003629201,0.0002132433],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8335922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.996829,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01793204897638294,"score_gpt":0.2180794689779001,"score_spread":0.2001474200015172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}