{"id":"W4417247747","doi":"10.1561/500000064","title":"Financial Machine Learning","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Foundations and Trends® in Finance","topic":"Stock Market Forecasting Methods","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Booth University College","funders":"","keywords":"Line (geometry); Key (lock); Financial plan; Financial stability; Financial modeling","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002814723,0.0007600141,0.0007089775,0.003238008,0.0006619923,0.002534355,0.001006153,0.001347114,0.01024429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01161341,0.0002325123,0.0004336226,0.004148485,0.001101233,0.003887921,0.001048604,0.001877566,0.005798976],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001023356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009453555,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000813976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007827985,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990202,0.00027361,0.00005453694,0.0001488811,0.000427461,0.00007536836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959614,0.002743977,0.0001992826,0.000456393,0.0005052889,0.0001336893],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000216213,0.00007905031,0.002777029,0.0005388052,0.00004295551,0.00008089985,0.00008322904,0.006455912,0.0002634809,0.3555445,0.064504,0.5696084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001014737,0.00004448058,0.002186308,0.0006295898,0.00001859333,0.0003782806,0.00006388938,0.03862043,0.0005538843,0.5571533,0.4003098,0.00003113949],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.01425334,0.372298,0.380553,0.04589466,0.005109144,0.0002266194,0.002254722,0.0009686755,0.1784419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2925335,0.469791,0.1379105,0.01026453,0.01697788,0.0006565991,0.003864608,0.0002877376,0.06771372],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01024429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03427052,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1436894636522928,"score_gpt":0.42514785518348,"score_spread":0.2814583915311871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}