{"id":"W4417258829","doi":"10.1017/9781108672146.012","title":"Selecting Participants for Quantitative Research: Sampling Techniques and Methods","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Key (lock); Process (computing); Sampling (signal processing); Data collection; Term (time); Research methodology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1025738,0.002389241,0.002248008,0.006870129,0.004465793,0.003793946,0.004210235,0.002603038,0.02834858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1034031,0.001809149,0.001052366,0.0106704,0.0033142,0.003257942,0.004777972,0.00447519,0.01996729],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002602026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0120549,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001784111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003188273,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9050238,0.07139349,0.005329754,0.0058177,0.01131453,0.001120776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9226127,0.04672818,0.002507573,0.009875159,0.01675923,0.001517173],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008745827,0.001189492,0.002539394,0.007913561,0.00009250998,0.0006710859,0.06431664,0.002224196,0.01585694,0.05677584,0.1906928,0.656853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001158248,0.001814752,0.004545865,0.006173377,0.0001179978,0.000708572,0.02702334,0.005228653,0.01035738,0.0560053,0.886521,0.0003455988],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.009492674,0.001387751,0.6296619,0.002115081,0.001547947,0.3214621,0.004038095,0.001728493,0.02856591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008610973,0.001049559,0.600944,0.00153037,0.0002312988,0.3775971,0.001335549,0.0006253212,0.008075852],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1025738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5424688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3714634917239109,"score_gpt":0.4280850964331345,"score_spread":0.05662160470922362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}