{"id":"W4417267808","doi":"10.1103/ldcn-r2lq","title":"Evidence for the Collective Nature of Radial Flow in Pb + Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"High-Energy Particle Collisions Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; York University; University of British Columbia; Carleton University; University of Toronto; University of Victoria; McGill University; University of Alberta; Université de Montréal","funders":"International Council of Shopping Centers; Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Australian Research Council; National Research Council Canada; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Institutul de Fizică Atomică; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej; Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Vetenskapsrådet; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki; Narodowe Centrum Nauki; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft; H2020 European Research Council; Norges Forskningsråd; Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca; Generalitat Valenciana; Generalitat de Catalunya; U.S. Department of Energy; Carl Tryggers Stiftelse för Vetenskaplig Forskning; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; National Science and Technology Council; Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy; European Commission; Leverhulme Trust; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Grantová Agentura České Republiky; Austrian Science Fund; Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS; National Research Foundation; Baden-Württemberg Stiftung; Ministry of Education, Youth and Science; BARD; General Secretariat for Research and Technology; Brookhaven National Laboratory; European Regional Development Fund; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Neubauer Family Foundation; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelser; Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft; Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu; “la Caixa” Foundation; European Social Fund; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique; Royal Society; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung; TRIUMF; National Science Foundation; Canarie; Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; CERN; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Anisotropy; Flow (mathematics); Collective motion; Transverse plane; Momentum (technical analysis); Collective behavior; Plasma","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009261146,0.000398462,0.0003220834,0.0001279838,0.0008475028,0.0003432446,0.001259681,0.0002374027,0.000854529],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009160987,0.0004117791,0.0008848554,0.0013624,0.0007581168,0.0004619346,0.000662648,0.001140782,0.0002047301],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002555747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008655416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004900197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002700123,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961411,0.0003373902,0.000687752,0.0007972619,0.001096022,0.0009404877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.994288,0.003681965,0.0005104236,0.001106745,0.0001410548,0.0002718698],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006141932,0.0002381582,0.00002253801,0.000632637,0.0006499797,0.00005068572,0.0005675988,0.008215365,0.005322064,0.951456,0.03035964,0.001871183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001609919,0.0008559701,0.0002748079,0.004817807,0.001154795,0.00003438704,0.0005430836,0.7070351,0.2729715,0.0003298507,0.0095879,0.0007848322],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858726,0.002128031,0.002592875,0.004800852,0.0003888295,0.0001959199,0.000174609,0.00004545027,0.00380078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937126,0.0007601913,0.0008870916,0.001357924,0.0007935367,0.002196404,0.00009382242,0.0001343986,0.00006405477],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9511261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998334,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01992813216073485,"score_gpt":0.2886107358761659,"score_spread":0.2686826037154311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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