{"id":"W4417332069","doi":"10.1021/photonsci.5c00030","title":"Laboratory-Based Ambient-Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy for Pressure up to 1 bar","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Photon Science","topic":"Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University; National Key Research and Development Program of China; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences; ShanghaiTech University; Salt Science Research Foundation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Nozzle; Bar (unit); Supersonic speed; Ambient pressure; Characterization (materials science); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Spectroscopy; Supercritical fluid","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001920286,0.0004055414,0.0004692996,0.0005169403,0.000779496,0.0005418062,0.001959732,0.0001328482,0.0005577758],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004600361,0.000376221,0.0001217734,0.002207086,0.0005324549,0.0005324371,0.000194341,0.0002654755,0.00009769023],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002236674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001437398,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001396596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004328662,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956681,0.00009057338,0.000447276,0.001424537,0.0008803043,0.001489211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976851,0.000129288,0.0001608908,0.001122053,0.0005776758,0.0003249974],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002429298,0.00008312942,0.0001529689,0.00007651046,0.000008227636,9.748967e-7,0.0001452221,0.0001097977,0.9810523,0.006287786,0.011807,0.00003309108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000457258,0.0005459437,0.0001959216,0.00007086816,0.00005262847,4.69012e-7,0.00003043842,0.002269011,0.8728226,0.001080445,0.1221226,0.0003518421],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8544537,0.001234245,0.125972,0.003033308,0.00275192,0.005181124,0.0003617409,0.001698017,0.005313922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9634756,0.00001426558,0.02963552,0.003534024,0.00008430334,0.000757829,0.00000631795,0.0000375581,0.002454587],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1103156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999869,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00995856386586584,"score_gpt":0.3078403324695846,"score_spread":0.2978817686037187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}