{"id":"W4417363263","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-66106-y","title":"An unbiased comparison of 14 epigenetic clocks in relation to 174 incident disease outcomes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute on Aging; Chief Scientist Office; Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh; Wellcome Trust; Medical Research Council; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Scottish Funding Council; Scottish Government; Chief Scientist Office, Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorate; National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","keywords":"Bonferroni correction; Disease; Epigenetics; Proportional hazards model; Hazard ratio; Null model; Regression","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01005641,0.0004402322,0.00058385,0.0006656059,0.0005499115,0.0006686746,0.0005832165,0.0006497155,0.001357773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02510187,0.0003021674,0.001051754,0.000733756,0.0005088889,0.0004038065,0.001232974,0.0005163259,0.0003807128],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005078972,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002188617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004337142,"domain_scores_codex":[0.995076,0.002912545,0.0002174268,0.001184012,0.0004195299,0.0001903953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9834646,0.01041763,0.002127124,0.002475094,0.00124852,0.0002670556],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003283647,0.0001290993,0.9487754,0.0002502383,0.004445768,0.0001444906,0.0003695838,0.002735671,0.006279933,0.0006453542,0.00175226,0.03118848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004905591,0.00143517,0.9740238,0.00007786119,0.00247423,0.0004947576,0.0003245498,0.007035941,0.005133505,0.001382357,0.007065166,0.00006212],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9829661,0.0009995563,0.01123483,0.000100607,0.00006189079,0.0001111077,0.003757108,0.00007606275,0.0006928092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868453,0.0002237176,0.007075957,0.0001116303,0.00003782089,0.0002287505,0.004965288,0.00003705712,0.0004745395],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01005641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05318397,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01923550784443576,"score_gpt":0.3783047528726333,"score_spread":0.3590692450281976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}