{"id":"W4417400037","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2506054122","title":"Cognition varies across the calendar year in multiple large-scale datasets","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute","funders":"National Institute of Mental Health; Brain and Behavior Research Foundation","keywords":"Cognition; Variation (astronomy); Socioeconomic status; Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance; Cognitive development; Cognitive skill","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006348982,0.0006182354,0.00066791,0.001810547,0.0008561972,0.001351205,0.001281707,0.0006250768,0.001613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02332598,0.0004092917,0.001810439,0.00487844,0.0005212861,0.0009511893,0.002247689,0.00120505,0.0006526691],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009364835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001249575,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04844952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0902881,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954814,0.001859352,0.0005474625,0.001240404,0.0005169791,0.0003544878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9866758,0.004930011,0.003527931,0.002805796,0.001509361,0.0005511917],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002525442,0.00006335234,0.9733339,0.0002304895,0.001367782,0.00008428563,0.0003958491,0.0009813401,0.0003025411,0.0003549793,0.01277439,0.0098586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002323083,0.00003016191,0.9928439,0.00005216191,0.0001786519,0.00007381236,0.0002662352,0.0009984459,0.0001272837,0.0003041528,0.005080917,0.00002101643],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.838806,0.001645496,0.006309974,0.001807762,0.0002086839,0.0001377727,0.1480901,0.0003963351,0.00259792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8323104,0.0005996629,0.009811796,0.0007232661,0.0001261833,0.0006951503,0.1547013,0.0001646956,0.0008675816],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04844952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09633499,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05751726877593343,"score_gpt":0.3726474752171757,"score_spread":0.3151302064412422,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}