{"id":"W4417476828","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123207","title":"From bacterial to thermochemical sulfate reduction: Sulfur isotope constraints on the genesis of hyper-enriched black shales","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Geology","topic":"Mine drainage and remediation techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sphalerite; Pyrite; Sulfate; Sulfur; Sulfide; Diagenesis; Sulfide minerals","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001246729,0.0001234386,0.0001968715,0.00002642302,0.00003590039,0.00000659014,0.000336384,0.0001670897,0.008413756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002127618,0.0000859768,0.00006510993,0.0001906607,0.0009013155,0.00002278354,0.0002272303,0.0001243468,0.000200444],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004739843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001401118,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001470134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002065231,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990792,0.00005982102,0.0002462616,0.0003093375,0.0001187598,0.0001866622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993893,0.0001789586,0.00006232165,0.000296056,0.00001659465,0.00005677768],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006563505,0.00005805803,0.0004247407,0.000003090777,0.00001392712,0.000001195484,0.0003027173,0.000002331945,0.9827885,0.0004786869,0.01254825,0.003312874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001782605,0.00002892013,0.001859724,0.000008427629,0.00001313935,0.000002402454,0.0001936134,0.00001591653,0.991094,0.004397802,0.002113914,0.00009390096],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9791231,0.00001184764,0.0002081869,0.004942729,0.0001373975,0.0002124599,0.00000773296,0.00003953692,0.01531701],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981096,0.00001196652,0.0006065902,0.0006056758,0.0001517509,0.00003212984,0.00002762046,0.00000635229,0.0004483328],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01898648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9924927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01085945524201898,"score_gpt":0.2344124144878944,"score_spread":0.2235529592458754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}