{"id":"W4417495780","doi":"10.1038/s41380-025-03419-w","title":"Burden of mental and substance use disorders in China and its provinces, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Molecular Psychiatry","topic":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Burden of disease; Disease burden; Prevalence of mental disorders; Population; China; Anxiety; Mental health; Major depressive disorder; Substance use","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001737419,0.0009273925,0.001752932,0.004912375,0.0007287133,0.0008794541,0.0008815007,0.0006189647,0.0008291711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002669923,0.0007103921,0.004643168,0.00999561,0.0004082166,0.0006011723,0.001313918,0.0005615628,0.0000973797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003829116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01059006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4818437,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5274634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987023,0.000193185,0.0002974973,0.0002734997,0.0002897998,0.0002437322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985959,0.0001624446,0.0004514761,0.0001323583,0.000450276,0.0002075371],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003940327,0.00002033956,0.9815412,0.00181575,0.006611384,0.0001399318,0.00019442,0.0006017842,0.0001977851,0.00009954323,0.001991659,0.006392198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006607331,0.00003868509,0.9936505,0.0002376568,0.003866768,0.00008596128,0.0002128957,0.000454634,0.00005583843,0.00004751287,0.001262778,0.00002073062],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8713326,0.0682833,0.0005828093,0.0007016666,0.0001287778,0.000144383,0.0577029,0.00008338841,0.001040138],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9751965,0.01075486,0.0003836871,0.0001947135,0.00003686311,0.0001155347,0.01294648,0.000009575384,0.0003617621],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4818437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.958078,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00883128882769978,"score_gpt":0.3153675443956915,"score_spread":0.3065362555679917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}