{"id":"W4417523820","doi":"10.1001/amajethics.2025.846","title":"How Old Are You, Actuarily?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The AMA Journal of Ethic","topic":"Race, Genetics, and Society","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Underwriting; Legislature; Equity (law); Genetic discrimination; Genetic data; Health insurance; Medical underwriting","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006966179,0.00009719847,0.0001459439,0.00002500446,0.0001372361,0.00006116649,0.0003823357,0.0001938534,0.000006298851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003229661,0.00006408386,0.0002000723,0.00007174407,0.0001603803,0.000003106892,0.00008026504,0.0003928132,0.000002210829],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001143549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001278569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002508754,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001082369,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992936,0.0001170689,0.0001791683,0.0001090215,0.0001502124,0.0001509235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991475,0.00003945113,0.0002192887,0.0003231248,0.0002240011,0.00004658023],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002500781,0.0001591757,0.01143579,0.00009571039,0.000949797,0.00002203613,0.002213831,0.0003024838,0.8456996,0.002023421,0.128091,0.008757026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002291966,0.0007276103,0.04436289,0.0002422529,0.000299764,0.0001498553,0.00719518,0.00005498084,0.3683423,0.01337303,0.5625251,0.0004351529],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9613103,0.005864843,0.001724901,0.02919361,0.0006119122,0.00006384806,0.000003185879,0.000003089972,0.001224295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9848292,0.002202699,0.0002540851,0.003079945,0.0005430744,9.927562e-7,0.000001529896,0.000009119293,0.009079309],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4773574,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2613264,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01238234838380986,"score_gpt":0.2642323798458102,"score_spread":0.2518500314620003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}