{"id":"W571539316","doi":"10.60082/2817-5069.1471","title":"Mandatory Minimum Prison Sentencing and Systemic Racism","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Osgoode Hall law journal","topic":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Prison; Racism; Discretion; Criminology; Convict; Criminal justice; Imprisonment; Leverage (statistics); Law; Political science; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007452729,0.00009327247,0.0001605701,0.00008733394,0.001656706,0.000263264,0.0001406994,0.00007601615,0.0002168031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000558293,0.00008575463,0.00009412951,0.0001778484,0.0001180665,0.0003141932,0.00002744908,0.0002480993,0.00003796735],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001197625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006694291,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07516119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3500977,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988098,0.0001658134,0.0002393021,0.0001536756,0.0003395694,0.0002918007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934,0.00007475095,0.0001383118,0.0001004592,0.0001331302,0.0002133255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002462738,0.0004227326,0.04247988,0.0001924579,0.0004102911,0.001647475,0.08248533,0.0002863495,0.004197278,0.1584679,0.003225138,0.7059389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006462943,0.0001031776,0.0008538699,0.0003066017,0.000739463,0.003303225,0.9628837,0.0005048678,0.00005934773,0.003822956,0.02636296,0.0004135251],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8522081,0.001882832,0.002662158,0.0004940084,0.0006293136,0.00007304217,0.000001052162,0.00004293146,0.1420066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957032,0.002558005,0.0001691045,0.0001481148,0.00063893,0.000002325202,6.059594e-7,0.000008607861,0.0007710641],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8803984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999643,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02145730020803208,"score_gpt":0.2918692386399906,"score_spread":0.2704119384319585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}