{"id":"W6903109164","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.127600","title":"Energy and economic evaluation of thermal regulation of PV panels using a hybrid phase change material-evaporative clay cooling system","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Thermal Engineering","topic":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Nexen (Canada)","funders":"South Valley University; Kyushu University; Ministry of Higher Education; Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Payback period; Evaporative cooler; Phase-change material; Water cooling; Thermal; Passive cooling; Hybrid system; Electricity generation; Electricity","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005287883,0.0003535324,0.0003874061,0.000404165,0.000215332,0.0005755172,0.0003722549,0.0003769986,0.0008376621],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005410322,0.0001416568,0.000547865,0.0004585862,0.000236617,0.0004901198,0.0002923027,0.0002733503,0.00009451199],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008273409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003282996,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003750589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003741686,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998153,0.00004966285,0.000009307883,0.00002925805,0.00006619033,0.00003040326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997486,0.0001268979,0.00003343007,0.00001841336,0.00006143854,0.00001109758],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008045167,0.0002574486,0.01422151,0.0003416073,0.00009039025,0.0004020202,0.00005382337,0.8626993,0.0958168,0.00128443,0.0003822241,0.0236459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005039895,0.001358928,0.01764672,0.00001586705,0.0001307262,0.00007520867,0.0001759962,0.9063519,0.0729569,0.000369767,0.0008378584,0.00002977996],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932841,0.0001605981,0.004632951,0.00002740169,0.000007003981,0.0000222623,0.000121174,0.00002218464,0.001722359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992034,0.00005212068,0.0004399839,0.000002318036,7.614734e-7,0.000008603723,0.00003438222,0.000002095128,0.0002563971],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003750589,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007457495,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0309300980785746,"score_gpt":0.2494055285026836,"score_spread":0.218475430424109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}