{"id":"W6910811237","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0606703","title":"Nonlinear Structure Formation and \"Apparent\" Acceleration: an Investigation","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Structure formation; Redshift; Nonlinear system; Density contrast; Universe; Contrast (vision); Luminosity; Cosmology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002045619,0.0004206053,0.0003022605,0.000275615,0.0005118216,0.0006765691,0.0007325246,0.0008829146,0.002523445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001201253,0.0001991066,0.0003580949,0.0001632146,0.001355854,0.001096693,0.0008612194,0.0005854802,0.0002065085],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007171729,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003667974,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003538831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002148515,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999315,0.00002291251,0.000001647035,0.000008282873,0.00002084897,0.00001483508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996686,0.00009645068,0.00008440061,0.00005395481,0.00004366828,0.00005304006],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001123216,0.0001307425,0.00468683,0.0001315529,0.0000286511,0.001050532,0.0005135713,0.2400751,0.01320374,0.733676,0.0008727755,0.005518258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003137011,0.0000385693,0.001324547,0.00000585427,0.000007332388,0.0001847207,0.0000457429,0.8828645,0.0007901795,0.1140011,0.0006944468,0.00001156223],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8878165,0.0003224452,0.06124038,0.001597823,0.00004968518,0.00003759874,0.00005945472,0.0002122323,0.04866392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907441,0.0001374893,0.00373116,0.00004350997,0.00002921302,0.0000104755,0.00001865167,0.00001754224,0.005267894],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003538831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008441806,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03783778797106321,"score_gpt":0.1924939921731763,"score_spread":0.1546562042021131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}