{"id":"W6959460401","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202555713/pdf","title":"Abundances of P, S, and K in 58 bulge spheroid stars from APOGEE","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)","topic":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Institut de Ciències del Cosmos; Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; University of Colorado Boulder; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias; Office of Science; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Centro de Astrofísica y Tecnologías Afines; Office of International Science and Engineering; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; University of Oxford; York University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics - Center for the Evolution of the Elements; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; University of Notre Dame; European Regional Development Fund; Carnegie Mellon University; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; University of Washington; Johns Hopkins University; Carnegie Institution of Washington; University of Utah; Universitat de Barcelona; Ohio State University; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; Smithsonian Institution; New Mexico State University; University of Portsmouth; Vanderbilt University; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Yale University; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; European Commission","keywords":"Bulge; Stars; Metallicity; Spectral line; Halo; Abundance (ecology); Milky Way; Observatory","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000135375,0.0002487859,0.0002448497,0.001140848,0.0004342305,0.0004176642,0.0001593469,0.0001826047,0.000647071],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003028201,0.0001201469,0.0001285485,0.0005786463,0.0003237919,0.0002152542,0.0004438546,0.0001068271,0.000279068],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002906027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009210545,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002571122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003415868,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998897,0.000008483236,0.00001219173,0.00005404359,0.00002156397,0.00001403332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998541,0.00001846139,0.0000464828,0.0000176306,0.00003236518,0.00003091907],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002471502,0.0000170585,0.9684636,0.00004148231,0.00005668046,0.0001554754,0.0003949317,0.0002067859,0.02257202,0.00004873378,0.00009150446,0.007704582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007339471,0.00007907527,0.9950694,0.000004545428,0.00003251674,0.000234417,0.0002471957,0.000280274,0.003254327,0.00004572778,0.0007417692,0.000003443256],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995207,0.0001137371,0.00008203378,0.000002922432,0.000001178821,0.000001503826,0.0001366285,0.000003603632,0.0001377733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989882,0.00009271672,0.0002826381,0.000005312169,0.00000310419,0.000002750073,0.0004601546,0.000004601128,0.0001605576],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002571122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00511229,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008680069371274407,"score_gpt":0.2266009331269143,"score_spread":0.2179208637556399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}