{"id":"W6981356606","doi":"","title":"The Effect of Pharmaceutical Patent Term Length on R&D and Drug Expenditures in Canada","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PubMed Central","topic":"Turbomachinery Performance and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Politics; Term (time); Task (project management); Drug prices; Health care; Drug","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001763393,0.0002789313,0.000609679,0.002171615,0.001475561,0.002485766,0.001123239,0.0007840049,0.006808402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01629842,0.0002289664,0.001205267,0.004260961,0.0009508759,0.0006239509,0.001019348,0.001663046,0.0002392535],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0880504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.09660921,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9949273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9966263,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996971,0.0003313334,0.0001470426,0.0001924932,0.001262347,0.001095673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9834576,0.004313587,0.002414559,0.0003471112,0.007472223,0.001995024],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002774788,0.0002123529,0.7140317,0.0005618854,0.001386078,0.0008918643,0.001013692,0.05254044,0.00160202,0.04840673,0.07559524,0.1009833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001308723,0.0001540872,0.9428564,0.0001912881,0.0007304595,0.0001636464,0.001019726,0.01303187,0.001813906,0.00265075,0.03710734,0.000149597],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8526006,0.01588929,0.00138477,0.058669,0.000342904,0.00007365797,0.02069226,0.0001448361,0.05020263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817292,0.0039679,0.0004370885,0.001230591,0.00009891457,0.00001275793,0.002259795,0.00003315974,0.01023066],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9119496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6388533,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009235368548423453,"score_gpt":0.2088759056248638,"score_spread":0.1996405370764404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}