{"id":"W6995556027","doi":"","title":"Online Proctoring and Discrimination: A Critical Examination of Online Proctoring Technologies","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"QSpace (Queen's University Library)","topic":"Environmental Education and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Graduation (instrument); Qualitative property; Exploratory research; Qualitative research; Higher education; Online learning; Data collection; Work (physics); Usability","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02087812,0.0005191829,0.0004988814,0.004559002,0.01469658,0.01246876,0.001958228,0.002191308,0.002742888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05334347,0.0005131094,0.0004362267,0.003680867,0.02068976,0.01407166,0.009469682,0.005428596,0.0002470491],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006468198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00663354,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008600065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01582204,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9811705,0.01169693,0.0006202615,0.0009401147,0.003958583,0.001613643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9202549,0.06430588,0.005176604,0.002183415,0.00647978,0.001599318],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001442155,0.00003431116,0.006609134,0.0001166127,0.000003546527,0.0002878221,0.9772243,0.000009574565,0.0002082275,0.005281046,0.000665325,0.009545631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001192119,0.00002051382,0.003578688,0.0001701048,0.000003085522,0.0001082531,0.9866477,0.00002871051,0.0001266937,0.0003602753,0.008948633,0.000006082105],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9441785,0.001733171,0.002406253,0.0105943,0.0002652479,0.0001785264,0.00006104393,0.0000183675,0.04056452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932939,0.001343865,0.0007683723,0.001480295,0.00009698205,0.00009621651,0.0000233801,0.00002902816,0.002868004],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9853034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1104154,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007770348370058576,"score_gpt":0.232628856572078,"score_spread":0.2248585082020195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}